关于拱坝的地质勘察评价

Evaluation on Geotechnical Engineering Investigation of Arch Dams

中国是世界上兴建拱坝最多的国家。拱坝的工程量较重力坝节省1/3～2/3,同时由于体型优美而受到人们的喜爱。兴建拱坝不但对河谷地形有一定要求外,还对坝基坝肩岩体的强度、刚度,抗滑稳定和渗透稳定有一定要求。因而对拱坝的地质条件勘察要求要高于其他坝型,勘探工作量一般高于其他坝型两倍,其勘察方法也有许多不同之处。

China is the country with the largest amount of arch dams. The engineering quantity of arch dam is almost 1/3 2/3 less than that of gravity dam. Meanwhile arch dams are loved for their beautiful shape. The construction of arch dams is not only required by the relief feature of river valley, but also strength, stiffness, stability against sliding and seepage stability of rock mass in the dam foundation and the dam abutment. As a result, the requirements of geotechnical engineering investigation for the geological conditions of the arch dam are higher than that of other type dams. The exploration workload of arch dam is almost 3 times heavier than that of other type dams, and there are many differences among investigation methods. The author summarized his work and learning experience to readers.