3种生物源物质及甲基嘧啶硫磷对3种储粮害虫的毒力比较

COMPARISON OF TOXICITIES OF THREE BIOLOGICAL SUBSTANCES AND PIRIMIPHOS-METHYL TO THREE STORED GRAIN INSECTS

采用滤纸药膜法研究了多杀菌素原药、阿维菌素精粉、蛇床子素粉剂对玉米象、谷蠹和锯谷盗的毒力,并与甲基嘧啶硫磷进行了毒力比较.结果表明:多杀菌素原药、阿维菌素精粉、蛇床子素粉剂和甲基嘧啶硫磷水乳剂对玉米象的LD50值分别为125.092μg/cm2、1 801.386μg/cm2、0.051μg/cm2和0.274μg/cm2,对谷蠹的LD50值分别为9.565μg/cm2、14.549μg/cm2、0.041μg/cm2和0.706μg/cm2,对锯谷盗的LD50值分别为24.557μg/cm2、55.501μg/cm2、0.050μg/cm2和0.185μg/cm2;多杀菌素和阿维菌素对3种害虫的毒力相当,多杀菌素和阿维菌素对3种害虫的毒力均小于甲基嘧啶硫磷,蛇床子素粉剂对3种害虫的毒力均高于甲基嘧啶硫磷至少3倍,且对谷蠹的毒力是甲基嘧啶硫磷的17倍多.

The toxicities of spinosad,avermectins and osthole to Sitophilus zeamais,Rhyzopertha dominica and Oryzaephilus surinamensis were studied by filter residual method,and were compared with that of pirimiphos-methyl.The results show that the LD50 values of spnosad,avermectins,osthole and pirimiphos-methyl to Sitophilus zeamais are respectively 125.092 μg/cm2,1 801.386 μg/cm2,0.051 μg/cm2 and 0.274 μg/cm2;the LD50 values of spnosad,avermectins,osthole and pirimiphos-methyl to Rhyzopertha dominica are respectively 9.565 μg/cm2,14.549 μg/cm2,0.041 μg/cm2 and 0.706 μg/cm2;and the LD50 values of spnosad,avermectins,osthole and pirimiphos-methyl to Oryzaephilus surinamensis are respectively 24.557 μg/cm2,55.501 μg/cm2,0.050 μg/cm2 and 0.185 μg/cm2.The toxicity of spinosad to the three insects is equivalent to that of avermectins;the toxicities of spinosad and avermectins to the three insects are smaller than that of pirimiphos-methyl;the toxicity of osthole to the three insects is at least three times higher than that of pirimiphos-methyl;and the toxicity of osthole to Rhyzopertha dominica is about 17 times that of pirimiphos-methyl.