走私、贩卖、运输、制造毒品罪的既未遂形态认定

Distinction between Accomplished or Attempted:On the Crimes of Drug Smuggling, Trafficking, Transporting and Manufacturing

走私、贩卖、运输、制造毒品罪包含走私、贩卖、运输、制造四种行为方式,对于该罪既未遂形态的认定应当分别就四种行为方式进行具体分析。对于走私毒品罪,毒品是否顺利进或者出国(边)境是判断既遂与否的标准;对于贩卖毒品罪,应依交易双方依买卖毒品的意思转移占有为准;而运输毒品罪的既遂只需要行为人实施了运输毒品的行为即可,而不论是否将毒品运到目的地;制造毒品罪应以实际上制造出毒品为既遂标准,着手制造毒品后,没有实际上制造出毒品的,则是制造毒品未遂。

The crimes of drug smuggling,trafficking,transporting and manufacturing comprise four actions.Whether a crime is accomplished or attempted should be decided on according to the specific situation.For smuggling,the criterion should be based on whether drug is taken across the border;for trafficking,the criterion should be decided by whether the transfer of possession of drug is accomplished;for transporting,the crime should be regarded as accomplished as long as the action is started,regardless of whether the drug reaches the destination;and for drug manufacturing,the criterion should be based on whether the finished product is made.