蓝田五里头 北宋“考古学家”的家族墓地

Wulitou Village,Lantian,Shanxi,Family Cemetery of the First Generation of Chinese Archaeologists

作为北宋文坛名士及金石学家吕大临与其兄弟吕大忠、吕大防、吕大钧等家族成员墓茔,陕西蓝田五里头墓地是目前发现的保存最完整的北宋家族墓地。五里头考古队历时四年,发现了结构基本完整的吕氏家族墓园,包括有规律排列的29座墓葬,环绕东、西、北三面的兆沟,以及处于墓葬群中轴线南端的家庙遗址。出土墓志内容丰富,随葬的产自铜川耀州窑、景德镇湖田窑、福建建窑、河北定窑的瓷器都极尽精美。该墓地为研究北宋官制科考制度、丧葬礼制,以及河南汲郡吕氏家族起源、分支、迁徙和定居陕西蓝田后的家族谱系,北宋世家墓地的基本构成因素和布局等提供了极其珍贵的第一手资料。

As the family cemetery of Lu Dalin(the literacy celebrity and Epigrapher of Northern Song Dynasty) and his brothers Lu Dazhong,Lu Dafang and Lu dajun,the Wulitou Cemetery in Lantian,Shanxi has been regarded as the best preserved family cemetery of Northern Song Dynasty ever found.For over 4-year expedition, Wulitou archeological team discovered the cemetery of Lu family,whose layout is almost preserved intact, including a regular array of 29 tombs,the moat surrounding the east,west and north sides as well as the family temple relics located at the southern end of the central axis of the tombs.Epitaphs unearthed are rich in content and the burial porcelain produced in Yaozhou Kiln,Hutian Kiln in Jingdezhen,Jian Kiln of Fujian, Ding Kiln of Hebei are extremely delicate.The Northern Song family cemetery provides very valuable firsthand information not only for the study of bureaucratic establishments,examination system and funeral etiquette in the Northern Song Dynasty but also for the study of the source and branch of the family tree of Lu Family of Ji County,Henan after moving and settling in Lantian,Shanxi,as well as the basic components and layout of the Northern Song family cemetery.