三维超声测量正常中晚期单胎妊娠胎儿产尿率

Measurement of fetal urine production rate by three-dimensional ultrasonography in the second and third singleton pregnancy

目的应用三维超声测量正常中晚期单胎妊娠胎儿的膀胱容量以估算不同孕期胎儿的产尿率，并探讨胎儿产尿率与孕周及羊水指数之间的关系。方法对138例正常中晚期单胎妊娠胎儿进行三维超声检查，采用三维超声体积自动测量技术，间隔5～15min，重复2～3次测量胎儿膀胱容量并计算产尿率。结果胎儿的产尿率随孕周增加而增加，自孕24周的12．84ml／h升至孕42周的64．70ml／h，二者之间有明显相关关系（r=0．900，P〈0．05），胎儿的产尿率与羊水指数无明显相关关系（r=-0．199，P〉0．05）。结论运用三维超声体积自动测量技术测量正常中晚期单胎妊娠胎儿的膀胱容量变化可估算胎儿的产尿率，并可了解胎儿肾功能状态及宫内安危情况。

Objective To measure bladder volumes using three-dimensional（3D） ultrasonography, and to establish a normal of fetal urine production rate（UPR） according to gestational age（GA） and the correlations between UPR and GA,UPR and amniotic fluid index（AFI）. Methods One hundred and thirty eight women with a normal singleton pregnancy at 24 to 42 weeks＇ gestation were examined. Fetal bladder volume was measured two or three times every 5-15-minutes and UPR was calculated from serial measurements using 3D ultrasound and virtual organ computer-aided analysis（VOCAL）. Results Fetal UPR increased with GA at 24-42 weeks＇ gestation, It increased from a median value of 12.84 ml/h at 24 weeks＇gestation to 64.70 ml/h at 42 weeks＇. There was a stronge correlation between the fetal UPR and GA （ r = 0. 900, P 〈0.05）. There was no correlations between UPR and AFI （ r = - 0. 199, P〉 0.05）. Conclusions Fetal UPR can be easily measured by 3D ultrasound assessment of bladder volume. It is valuable for evaluation of fetal renal function and his safety.