广东与江西翘嘴鳜养殖与天然种群的遗传多态性分析

Cultivated and natural populations of Siniperca chuatsi in Guangdong and Jiangxi:sequence polymorphism of the mitochondrial DNA control region and population genetic diversity analysis

对翘嘴鳜4个人工繁殖群体[江西南昌国家级翘嘴鳜原种场(1个群体)、广东南海人工繁殖群体(2个群体)、广东惠州人工繁殖群体(1个群体)]及2个天然群体(江西鄱阳湖养1个月;江西鄱阳湖养2～3d)共60尾的线粒体控制区(D-loop)核苷酸序列进行扩增后测序和遗传多态性分析。采用特异性引物对翘嘴鳜基因组进行PCR扩增,得到翘嘴鳜线粒体DNA控制区基因的全序列(833bp)。分析得到的D-loop区碱基序列中60个个体共检测到65个变异位点,其中43个是单一变异位点,22个为简约信息位点。60个个体共检测出22个单倍型。分析结果表明,江西两个天然群体基因交流充分,未出现遗传分化,但相对江西省翘嘴鳜原种,广东省翘嘴鳜养殖种群多态性偏低。因此,广东省从其他省鳜鱼原种场引进翘嘴鳜原种是非常有必要的,这对我国集约化主产区广东省的鳜鱼产业向高效、优质的方向持续健康发展具有重要意义。

The mitochondrial DNA control region（D-loop） of Siniperca chuatsi was amplified by PCR using a pair of specific primers.The sequences with the complete nucleotide control region from S.chuatsi mitochondrial was cloned and directly sequenced.The length of this region（D-loop） contained 833 bp nucleotides and the T,C,A and G contents were 30.4%,20.4%,33.7% and 15.5% respectively.The genetic diversity of S.chuatsi from the Nanhai,Guangdong;Huizhou,Guangdong;Nanchang,Jiangxi and Poyang Lake（Jiangxi） was analyzed.The results indicated,compared to Jiangxi S.chuatsi species,S.chuatsi species in Guangdong have a problem that the quality of species has low polymorphism.The polymorphism analysis has evaluated S.chuatsi＇s heredity multiple levels,provides the scientific basis for S.chuatsi＇s idioplasm protection,provides the genetics background material for development and utilization of S.chuatsi＇s resources,in order to formulate corresponding resources conservation measures.Meanwhile it is significantly meaningful that the intensification of China＇s main production area Guangdong Province＇s S.chuatsi industry should be promoted to highly effective,high-quality direction with sustainable healthy development.