四川引种甜叶菊的糖苷含量变异及优良单株筛选

Variation of Steviosides Contents and Individual Selection in Stevia rebaudiana Introduced in Sichuan Province

采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)对引种至四川的经无性繁殖的46个甜叶菊单株(按表型特征可分为6种类型)的Rebaudioside(RA苷)和Stevioside(St苷)含量进行了测定,试图筛选出高RA苷含量、高RA/St比例的糖用型或高St苷含量的药用型甜叶菊单株,并基于RA和St糖苷含量对46个甜叶菊单株进行聚类分析,以探讨糖苷含量与植株的田间表型特征的关联。结果表明:46个甜叶菊单株的RA苷含量变幅为0～10.56%,St苷含量变幅为2.90%～20.97%,基于RA和St苷含量进行聚类可分为9类,与根据田间表型特征的分类不尽相同。共筛选出3个高RA糖苷(9.55%～10.56%)、高RA/St比例(2.0～3.1)的RA型优良单株SR2-1、SR2-2、SR25和2个只含St糖苷的甜叶菊单株SR5和SR6,为不同用途甜叶菊良种的选育奠定了基础。

Rebaudioside（RA） and Stevioside （St） contents were determined by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） in 46 Stevia rebaudiana （divided into 6 types based on phenotypic characteristics） introduced in Sichuan province. The relationship between steviosides content and the phenotype of S. rebaudiana was discussed to try screening the high RA content and high RA/St ratio of sweetener-used or high St content of medicine-used individual plant. The result showed： RA content ranged from 0-10.56% and St content ranged from 2.90%-20.97% among 46 plants, which was divided into nine categories by cluster analysis. The classification based on cluster analysis was different from that based on the phenotype of S. rebaudiana, which indicated that there was no significant correlation between the phenotype and RA and St contents of S. rebaudiana. Three high-RA content （9.55% -10.56%）, high RA / St ratio （2.0-3.1） of RA-type S. rebaudiana numbered SR2-1, SR2-2 and SR25, together with 2 St-contained-only St-type S. rebaudiana numbered SR5 and SR6 respectively were selected out, which laid the foundation for different breeding purposes of S. rebaudiana.