白内障手术方式及人工晶状体的选择与进展

The Choice and Progress of Cataract Operative Method and Intraocular Lens

老年型白内障又称为年龄相关性白内障,到现在为止仍无有效的药物能彻底治愈,只能借助手术(即白内障摘除术+人工晶状体植入术)使患者复明。随着技术的进步,手术术式及人工晶状体的选择也在不断地改进。手术方式由最初的白内障囊内摘除术到白内障囊外摘除术联合人工晶状体植入术再至超声乳化白内障囊外摘除术+人工晶状体植入术。由最初的(以大切口白内障囊外摘除术为代表)切口大、手术时间长、组织损伤多、伤口修复慢,逐步过渡发展为现在的超声乳化白内障吸除术联合人工晶状体植入术,切口小、手术时间短、组织损伤少、伤口修复快。人工晶状体引入及其不断的改进又使得术后远近视力均得到较大的改善。

Senile cataract is also named age-related cataract.Up to now,No effective medicine can cure the disease yet completely.The cataract surgery,removing the cataract and intraocular lens implantation,is the only way to recover patients′ vision.With the advances in technology,surgical operation method and artificial lens are also continuously improved.Surgical techniques are the original intracapsular cataract extraction to extracapsular cataract extraction joint by intraocular lens implantation,and then to phacoemulsification joint by intraocular lens implantation,the original（to be represented by large incision extracapsular cataract extraction）large incision、a long time and more tissue damage,wound repair slowly,gradually developing the present phacoemulsification,the small incision,the shorter operative time,the less tissue damage,and wound repair rapidly.Coupled with the introduction of intraocular lens and its continuous improvement has led both postoperative distance vision and near vision to be perfect.