安徽省土壤侵蚀的经济损失评估

Estimated on Economic Costs of Soil Erosion in Anhui Province

在利用RUSLE模型估算安徽省土壤侵蚀量的基础上,利用环境经济学基本原理和方法,选取N、P、K及有机质等养分,水分损失,泥沙滞留、泥沙淤积等实物型损失作为衡量土壤侵蚀经济损失的指标,采用替代价格法、影子工程法和机会成本法估算出安徽省土壤侵蚀的经济损失的货币化结果。结果显示:2000年安徽省土壤侵蚀经济损失总量达到173081.97万元,其中养分流失引起的损失是安徽省水土流失经济损失的主要形式,达到了90.41%;安徽省土壤侵蚀经济损失在空间上呈现南高北低的趋势。

Based on RUSLE model and GIS（geographical information system） technology, the losses of soil erosion of Anhui province was estimated. Then based on the present situation of soil erosion and basic principles and methods of environmental economics, five kinds of material loss brought by soil erosion in- cluding the nutrition（the amount of N, P, K and organic matter）, water loss, soil detained and deposited were chosen as the index for assessment economic costs. By using the methods of superseded expenditure, shadow engineering works and opportunity cost, the monetized value of soil erosion of Anhui province was estimated. The results showed that the total economic loss value of soil erosion of Anhui was 1 730. 819 7 million Yuan in 2000. The value of nutrition loss reached 90.41%, is the main pattern. We also included that the economic loss of Anhui was lower at north area and high at south area.