摘要
台湾雨量站的密度高居全世界前3名,然而雨量站往往由于设站时间不一致,或因天灾人祸而导致数据遗失;因此各水文观测站之降雨数据具模糊特性。降雨事件的特性,大致可区分为3个重要因子;降雨量、降雨时间及形状因子。常用之统计值为总降雨量、平均降雨量、最大降雨量、最小降雨量、中值降雨量、降雨延时、尖峰达到时间、偏态指标及峰态指标等9个物理量。研究以统计量及模糊理论为基础,分析屏东县气象局1992-2007年31个雨量站之总降雨量大于100mm,降雨延时3h以上之降雨事件(1177场)。研究结果显示:屏东县大于100mm之降雨,具长延时、高狭峰之特性;就气象站而言,气象站C0R38之暴雨事件,最接近整体降雨特性。
The density of rainfall observation stations in Taiwan are more than the other countries on the world. But the rainfall data had missed due to the different years of commencement, natural disaster and/ or human activities. So, rainfall data in all observation stations have fuzzy characteristics. The characteris- tic of rainfall event has three factors, including rainfall, rainfall duration and rainfall pattern. The statisti- cal values about total rainfall, average rainfall, maximum rainfall, minimum rainfall, median rainfall, rainfall duration, time to peak, index of Skewness and Kurtosis were used to analyze. Therefore, this study had discussed the variance using statistical and Fuzzy theory through 31 stations about the rainfall e- vents of over 100 mm rainfall and 3 rainfall duration （1 177 events） from 1992 to 2004 at Pingtung area. The study showed that the rainfall events had the characteristics of long duration and high kurtosis. The rainfall observation station COR38 is near the thorough rainfall characteristics in Pingtung.
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第2期20-23,共4页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(40871136)
关键词
模糊理论
降雨量
雨量站
fuzzy theory
rainfall
rainfall station
