SCS模型及其研究进展

Processes of SCS Model for Hydrological Simulation:a Review

流域水文模型主要用于模拟流域上发生的水文过程,美国水土保持局提出的SCS模型是目前广泛应用的地表径流模型之一。SCS模型具有结构简单、所需参数少、对观测数据的要求不严格等特点,能够客观描述不同土地利用方式、土壤类型、前期土壤含水量及降水条件下的地表径流过程,对于小面积集水区径流预报具有较强的能力。介绍了SCS模型的基本原理,从模型应用、发展与改进等角度对SCS模型的研究进行了回顾与总结。指出了SCS模型在时空尺度、预报精度等方面尚存的问题。最后,对SCS模型的发展趋势进行了展望,以期为我国的地表径流研究提供借鉴。

Hydrological models are used to simulate the hydrological process. SCS model proposed by U. S. Soil and Water Conservation Bureau is one of the extensively applied models. SCS model is characterized by its simplicity, loose requirements on parameters and observation datasets. It yields excellent abilities for simulating the surface runoff under environments with different land-use patterns, soil types, water contents and pre^precipitation condi- tions. SCS model has been proved as a feasible technique for forecasting the runoff of catchment area with micro- size. In this paper, basic principles of SCS model are introduced and its recent developments are examined. In addition, some remained issues about the spatial and temporal scales and accuracy are analyzed. The re- search trends about SCS model are further summarized for its applications in China.