基于RS和GIS的绕阳河湿地时空演变及其驱动力分析

Spatial and Temporal Change and Its Driving Forces of the Raoyanghe Wetlands Based on RS and GIS

基于1975-2007年丰水期TM、ETM+、CBERS遥感数据资料,利用RS和GIS软件提取湿地类型转移矩阵,结合重心模型,分析了自1975年以来绕阳河沼泽湿地的时空演变过程及其驱动力。结果表明:1975-2007年绕阳河沼泽湿地面积占研究区总面积百分比由1.908%下降到0.068%,沼泽湿地主要转出类型为水稻田、裸地;1975-1988年绕阳河沼泽湿地重心向东北方向偏移了1.58km,1988-2007年向西南方向偏移了3.21km,32a间整体向西南方向迁移2.36km,距河流垂直距离缩短了1.79km;水稻田的时空变化是沼泽湿地时空演变的直接驱动因子,人口是其最根本的驱动因子,地下水水位埋深、经济活动与沼泽湿地面积呈显著的负相关关系,河流面积与沼泽湿地面积则呈显著的正相关关系。概括来说,人类活动是绕阳河沼泽湿地时空演变的主要驱动力。

Based on the remote sensing data（TM,ETM＋ ,CBERS） during the flood period （1975--2007）, the transfer matrix of wetland types were extracted using RS and GIS software, and the spatial and tempo- ral change of marsh wetlands and its driving forces were analyzed from 1975 to 2007 by using barycenter transfer model. The results showed that. From 1975 to 20.07, the area percent of Raoyanghe marsh wet- lands decreased from 1. 908 % to 0. 068 %, which resulted in the converting of marsh into rice paddy field and bare land. Barycenter of Raoyanghe marsh wetlands had moved 1.58 km towards northeast from 1975 to 1988, and 3.21 km towards southwest from 1988 to 2007. Barycenter of Raoyanghe marsh wetlands had moved 2. 36 km towards southwest from 1975 to 2007. The distance between barycenter of Raoyanghe marsh wetlands and river decreased by 1.79 km. Spatial and temporal change of rice paddy field is the im- mediate driving force. The marsh wetlands area has a significant negative correlation relation with the bur- ying depth of groundwater and economy activities, while has a significant positive correlation relation with river area. In one word, human activities are the main driving forces of spatial and temporal change of Rao- yanghe marsh wetlands.