宁夏粮食生产地域格局变化分析

Regional Pattern Changes of Grain Production in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

区域粮食供需平衡是确保民族地区粮食安全的重要前提。应用地理信息系统技术和空间统计分析方法,探讨了1985-2006年宁夏粮食地域格局变化特征及其原因。结果表明:宁夏粮食产区粮食产量总体呈增加态势,人均粮食占有量逐渐增加,在空间上余粮区和重要余粮区仍分布在沿黄县市;粮食生产区域差异及与人口分布的地理差异减小,粮食生产均衡性增加;在空间上引黄灌区是宁夏粮食生产布局的重点区域,但正向中部地区扩展。水利工程及生态退耕和移民等工程的实施是粮食生产格局变化的主要原因。

Regional grain supply balance is an important indicator for national minority food security. Based on GIS techniques and spatial statistics analysis, regional pattern changes characters and its reasons of grain production from 1985 to 2006 in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region were analyzed. The results showed that the general tendency of grain production in Ningxia had increased, and per capital grain pos- session had increased gradually, grain-output region and main grain-output region distributed along the yellow river in spatial. Region difference of＇grain production decreased. The study also found that the ex- istence of spatial differentiation of grain production with population distribution decreased gradually. Irri- gation area was the important region of grain production in Ningxia, but the area extent was continuous to the arid region in middle Ningxia. The main forces of regional changes of capital grain possession were some projects implementing, such as water resources project, returning cultivated land to forest, eco-im- migration and so on.