宁南山区土地利用/土地覆盖变化研究——以固原上黄试区为例

Study on Land Use/Land Cover Change in Mountainous Region of South Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region—A Case Study in Shanghuang Experimental Area in Guyuan

对宁南山区不同历史时期土地利用/土地覆盖变化进行研究,采用历史地理方法、农村参与式调查与评价(PRA)方法和"3S"技术,以土地利用为主线,研究结果表明:宁南山区土地利用的历史经历了从原始农耕-游牧-畜牧主导-传统农耕-现代农业的经营模式变化,驱动这些农业生产经营模式转变的原因主要表现为不同时期生产生活方式、自然资源条件、历史变革、人口变化等因素。通过对上黄试区20多年的生态经济治理发现,农业经济发展在土地利用上应以控制水土流失和生态环境治理为前提,以建设基本农田为主导措施,以发展畜牧业、果业为主体,形成由畜牧业、果业及配套后续加工业和服务业组成的各具特色的生态适宜型农业产业结构模式。

This paper analyzes the land use/land cover change in mountainous region of south Ningxia in dif- ferent period based on the methods of historical and geography, participatory rural appraisal （PRA） and 3S technologies. The results showed that the models of land use undergoes the original farming-nomadic-lead- ing animal husbandry-traditional farming and to modern agriculture. The way of life, the conditions of nat- ural resources, historical change, and the demographic changes are the driving forces. Taking Shanghuang experimental area as an example, the results showed that controlling the soil erosion and improving the ec- ological environment are the premise of agricultural economic development. Industrial models of agricul- ture are developing stock raising, fruit industry and related service industry which must be based on build- ing the basic farmland.