犬细小病毒生物学特征及检测技术研究进展

Progress on the Biological Characteristies and Detection Techniques of CPV

犬细小病毒(CPV)所引起的疾病在世界范围内流行,临床主要表现为犬的肠炎和心肌炎。CPV属于单股负链的自主复制的细小病毒属成员,其基因组可编码两种结构蛋白和两种非结构蛋白。CPV的主要检测方法有分子生物学检测方法和免疫学检测方法,其中分子生物学检测方法包括常用的PCR检测技术、核酸杂交检测技术及近年发展起来的LAMP检测技术及NASBA检测技术。免疫学检测方法主要包括ELISA检测技术、胶体金检测技术、血凝试验、免疫荧光检测技术及未来可用于CPV检测的生物条形码检测技术。新技术的应用必将为临床控制CPV找到更为有效的检测方法。

Canine parvovirus（CPV） emerged as a novel pathogen in the late 1970s and spread rapidly wordwide,causing a new enteric and myocardial disease in dogs.CPV is one member of the antonomous replicating viruses of the Parvoviridae family,with a single stranded DNA genome of negative polartiy.CPV encode two structural and two nonstructural protein genes.The main molecular biologic detecting techniques for CPV include polymerase chain reaction（PCR）,loop-mediated isothermal amplification（LAMP）,nucleic acid sequence-based amplification（NASBA） and nucleic acid hybrid technique.The immunological detecting techniques for CPV include enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）,colloidal gold-immunochromatographic assay,hemagglutination test,immunofluorescence technique and bio-bar codes assay（BCA）.The new detecting techniques can help us find more effective methods for CPV assay.