水难溶性药物的载体材料研究进展

Research Progresses of Carrier Materials for Water-insoluable Drugs

水难溶性药物因其在水中溶解度小使得药物的临床应用受到限制。将水难溶性药物通过某些载体包裹,是对水难溶性药物进行增溶的一种行之有效的方法。综述了水难溶性药物载体材料的研究进展,并总结了各种载体材料的优缺点。针对普遍存在的增溶效果不理想的问题,指出了几种载体未来的发展方向。表面活性剂胶束因其自身的毒性而逐渐被其它载体材料取代。环糊精和聚合物胶束具有广阔的发展前景。尽管脂质体作为水难溶性药物载体存在不足之处,但其可用作水溶性药物的载体或者制备成主动靶向制剂(例如单克隆抗体导向的脂质体)、物理化学靶向制剂(例如磁靶向脂质体),仍具有巨大的研究价值和发展空间。

Clinical applications of water-insoluble drugs are limited for their poor solubilities. It＇s an effective approach to enhance the solubility via coating these water-insoluble drugs by some carrier materials. In this paper, re- cent research progresses of several carrier materials for water-insoluble drugs are reviewed, and advantage and disad- vantage corresponding to each carrier materials are summarized. For the ubiquitous problem of unsatisfactory solubili- zing effect, the development trend and prospects of these carrier materials are proposed. Surface active agent micelle will be substituted by other carrier materials for its toxicity. Cyclodextrin and polymeric micelle have vast potential for future development. Although the deficiencies in encapsulating water-insoluable drugs, liposome can be used as carrier for soluble drugs or to prepare active targeting preparation （e. g. monoclonal antibody oriented liposome） and physical- chemical targeting preparation （e. g. magnetic liposome）. Therefore, liposome still has great research value and development potential.