喀斯特峰丛洼地原生林区土壤矿质元素空间异质性研究

Spatial Heterogeneity of Mineral Elements in Primeval Forest Soil in Karst Peak-Cluster Depression Area

运用经典统计学和地统计学方法研究了喀斯特峰丛洼地原生林保护区土壤矿质元素钙、镁、硅、铁、铝、锰的空间变异和相关关系，结果表明，在喀斯特峰丛洼地原生林区土壤矿质元素存在空间上的异质性。从半变异函数的模型拟合来看，决金值与基台值的比均小于25％的标准，表明变量具有强烈的空间相关性，且由结构性因素引起的空间变异占主导因素。Kriging等值线图显示，在不同的坡位出现了高值区和低值区，硅、铁和铝在中上坡出现高值区，而钙、镁和锰在中下坡出现低值区，这6个指标在研究区域均出现围绕1～3个中心点聚集分布出现高值或低值区，说明气候、母质、地形和微地貌对喀斯特原生林区土壤矿质元素空间变异起主导作用。

The paper studies spatial heterogeneity and correlation of mineral elements,such as Ca,Mg,Si,Fe,Al and Mn,in primeval forest reserve of karst peak-cluster depression area by using the methods of geo-statistics and classical statistics.The outcomes show that the spatial heterogeneity of mineral elements is existential in primeval forest soil of the area.Viewing from model fitting of semi-variation function,the ratio of nugget value and sill value is less than 25%,showing that variables has strong spatial correlation and the structural factors dominate the spatial heterogeneity.Kriging contour maps show that the high-value area and low-value area appear in different slope position.The high-value areas of Si,Fe and Al appear in uphill and the low-value areas of Ca,Mg and Mn appear in downhill.There are high-value and low-value areas of the six factors which are concentrated distribution surrounding with 1 to 3 center points,showing that climate,parent material,topography and micro-geomorphology are playing leading roles on spatial heterogeneity of mineral elements of soil in karst primeval forest.