缺铁性贫血患者相关知识的知晓情况调查

Awareness of knowledge about iron deficiency anemia in patients with it

目的调查缺铁性贫血（IDA）患者对IDA相关知识的知晓情况。方法采用自行设计的调查问卷，对本院2008年1月至2009年1月间门诊初诊为IDA的患者随机进行有关IDA知识的调查。结果被调查IDA患者共199例，对IDA的病因（5％）、临床表现（34．2％）、危害（18．1％）及哪些是含铁丰富的食物（2．0％）等知识的知晓率均较低；对IDA的不同预防措施中，知道采用食品的多样性进行预防者占50．7％（101／199），铁锅烹调预防者占43．7％（87／199），其他预防措施的知晓率较低；除IDA的危害外，不同年龄段患者对其他IDA相关知识的知晓率差异无统计学意义；不同年龄段IDA患者缺铁病因比较差异有统计学意义（均P〈0．05），30—45岁年IDA患者75．3％（64／85）是由慢性失血引起的；不同病因IDA患者对IDA相关知识的知晓率差异无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）。结论IDA患者对IDA相关知识的知晓率较低，应加强对人群预防IDA知识的普及。不同年龄段、不同病因患者进行预防措施的重点是不同的。

Objective To investigate awareness of knowledge about iron deficiency anemia （IDA） in patients with it. Methods Patients diagnosed as IDA at their initial visits to Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical School were randomly selected for the study during January ：2008 to January 2009 with self-designed questionnaire to investigate their awareness of knowledge about IDA. Results Among 199 patients with IDA investigated, their awareness was lower in general, five percent about its etiologies, 34. 2 percent about its clinical manifestations, 18. 1 percent about its hazard to health, and two percent about food abundant of iron. For preventive measures of IDA, 50.7 percent （101/199） of them knew that daily diet should be diversified and 43.7 percent （87/199） knew that meals should be prepared with ferric cooking pot. Awareness of knowledge about other preventive measures of IDA was lower in them. No significant difference in awareness of IDA-related knowledge between them at varied ages was found, except for knowledge about etiology and hazard of IDA. Awareness of etiology of IDA differed between them at varied ages （P 〈 0. 05 ）, and about 75. 3 percent （64/85） of patients with IDA aged 30 - 45 years were caused by chronic blood loss. There was no significant difference in awareness of IDA-related knowledge between patients with IDA caused by varied etiologies （P 〉 0. 05）. Conclusions In general, awareness of IDA- related knowledge was lower in patients with IDA. It is necessary to strengthen its popularization, with varied focuses in preventive measures for IDA patients with different etiologies.