国际贸易与文化制度差异的理论模型分析

A Theoratical Model of International Trade and Difference in Culture and Institutions

国家间文化制度差异可以成为专业化分工和比较优势产生的原因之一,且这种差异并不会随着贸易的开展而消除,贸易不能促成国家间文化制度的融合,其巩固国家间文化制度差异,即使存在替代性文化制度均衡且向这种均衡的转变是帕累托改进的;向优等文化制度转变可能发生分配影响,在可能性条件下,雇员在封闭条件下可以通过转变获得福利提升,而雇主则相反。

Difference in culture and institutions among nations may be one of the basis of specialization and camparative advantage, which will not be eliminated by trade. Trade may fortify the difference of preexisting cultural-institutional equilibra and impede Pareto-improving transitions. The distributional impact to superior culture and institutions differs from the impact of the removal of barriers to trade such that under plausible conditions the welfare of workers is enhanced by a cultural institutional transition but not by trade integration, while the reverse is true for employers.