国际贸易中技术外溢效应的作用方式

On functioning modes of technological spillover effect in international trade

从事国际贸易活动的贸易伙伴国之间技术发展水平往往存在差距,通过国际贸易活动,技术先进的国家可以实现对技术相对不发达国家的先进技术转移。这种技术转移会给后者带来外部经济效应,即技术外溢效应,它为一些国家的技术进步提供了契机。国际贸易主要通过竞争效应、规模效应、传染效应、"干中学"、演示和培训效应等方式,给技术相对不发达的国家带来技术外溢效应。

There are disparities among the technological development level of trade partner countries in international trade activities.Through international trade activities,transfer of advanced technologies will possibly actualized from technologically developed countries to less-developed countries,which can bring external economic effect to the latter,namely,the technological spillover effect.It may provide good chance for the technological progress in some countries.Technological spillover effect to technologically less-developed countries is mainly brought by the modes of competition effect,scale effect,contagion effect,＂learning-by-doing＂,and demonstration and training effect,etc.through international trade.