江西省外来入侵植物入侵性与克隆性研究

STUDY ON THE INVASIVENESS AND CLONALITY OF INVASIVE ALIEN PLANT IN JIANGXI PROVINCE

对江西省55种外来入侵植物的入侵性与克隆性进行了研究,结果显示:(1)入侵性最强的物种占14.5%;入侵性较强的物种占40%,入侵性较弱的物种占45.5%。其中,入侵克隆植物有27种,占总数的49.1%,且繁殖方式以分蘖型和匍匐茎型为主。(2)一年生或两年生草本有25种,占总数的45.5%,其中克隆植物占24%;多年生草本有27种,占总数的49.1%,其中克隆植物占66.7%。(3)随着入侵性的增强,来自美洲的入侵植物比例依次为:48%,50%和87.5%;来自欧洲的入侵植物比例依次为:36%,27.3%和12.5%。研究结果表明江西省入侵植物的入侵性可能与其克隆性具有较强的相关性,且其地理起源多来自于美洲和欧洲。

55 species of alien invasive plants in Jiangxi Province were analyzed in this paper. The results showed： （1） the constituent ratio of the strongest invasiveness plants was 14.5%, the stronger invasiveness plants was 40%, and the weaker invasiveness plants was 45.5%. There were 27 species of invasive clone plants （49.1%）, whose mainly reproductive modes were tiller and stolon. （2） There are 25 species of annual or biennial herbs, which make up 45.5% in total invasive plants and clonal plants accounted for 24%. There were 27 species of perennial herbs, which make up 49.1% in total invasive plants and clonal plants accounted for 66.7%. （3） With the increase of invasiveness, the ratio of invasive plant originated from America were 48%, 50% and 87.5%, and which originated from Europe are 36%, 27.3% and 12.5%. These above findings indicated that America and Europe were the primary geographical origin of alien invasive plant in Jiangxi province and that clonality of the invasive plants may be contributed significantly to their invasiveness.