岷江上游生态安全综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation on Ecological Security in the Upper Min River Basin

综述了有关生态脆弱区的相关文献,概述了岷江上游地区的生态环境现状。介绍了生态足迹、生态承载力的计算公式及判断生态安全状况的标准,当生态承载力大于生态足迹时,认为该区域生态系统处于安全状态,反之,则反是。根据岷江上游5县的相关数据和前人的研究成果,计算了岷江上游区域的人均生态足迹和人均生态承载力。结果表明,岷江上游地区生态系统总体处于安全状态,人类活动对自然生态系统的干扰并未超出自然生态承载力的阈值,经济、社会发展是可持续的;化石能源地、建成地和耕地的生态需求大于供给,生态足迹分量出现了赤字,其中耕地赤字相对最大,处于超载状态;从国家尺度看,岷江上游生态安全状况不容乐观,但在全球尺度上,其处于可持续状态;岷江上游资源利用比较粗放,消费结构不尽合理,其经济发展是以消耗自然资源为代价的。

Related literatures about ecological fragile region is reviewed; status of ecological environment in upper Min River basin is summarized. Equations for calculating the ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity, as well as the standards for determining the status of ecological security, are introduced. When ecological carrying capacity is greater than ecological footprint, eco-system in this region is in safe state, and vice versa. According to the research data about 5 counties in upper Min River Basin, per capita ecological footprint and ecological capacity per capita are calculated in upper Min River Basin. Result shows that ecological system in upper Min River Basin is in a safe state in general. Interference of human activities on natural ecosystems has not exceeded the threshold of natural ecological carrying capacity; economic and social development is sustainable. Fossil energy, ecological demand of construction land and cultivated land is greater than the supply. There are deficits in ecological footprint component. Among them, deficit of cultivated land is the maximum, which is in the overloaded state. According to the national scale, ecological security is not optimistic in the upper Min River basin. However, according to the global scale, it is in the sustainable condition. Utilization of resources is relatively extensive in the upper Min River basin with unreasonable consumption structure. And economic development is achieved at the expense of natural resources