基于数字高程模型的生态净化系统分析与设计

DEM-based ecological purification system analysis and design

采用现场调查与系统模拟的方法,以辽东湾复合湿地生态系统为研究对象,全面分析了生态系统内各生态单元对有机污染物的净化能力,提出了复合生态系统的污染物净化量估算模型,并基于研究区的数字高程模型(DEM)信息,对整个湿地生态系统重新进行了优化设计.结果表明:各生态单元对化学需氧量(CODCr)、生化需氧量(BOD5)、石油类等污染物的净化能力存在差异,导致不同组成与结构的生态系统净化负荷有所不同;系统原CODCr净化量为188.9kg·d-1、净化负荷量为2.84g·m-2·d-1,而根据研究区DEM信息对系统进行优化设计后的CODCr净化量为313.3kg·d-1、净化负荷量达4.72g·m-2·d-1,净化效率提高了近20%.

By using plot investigation and system simulation methods,and taking a typical complex wetland ecosystem in Liaodong Bay as research object,the organic pollutants purification efficiency of the ecological units was analyzed comprehensively and a pollutants purification capacity estimation model was built correspondingly.Furthermore,an optimal design to the wetland ecosystem based on its DEM（digital elevation model） information was made.The results indicated that the purification ability for CODCr,BOD5 and petroleum were different in each ecological units,which led to different purification loading rate of systems with various components and structures.The original CODCr purification capacity and the removal loading of CODCr in the study area were 188.9 kg·d -1 and 2.84 g·m -2·d -1,respectively,while they were up to 313.3 kg·d -1 and 4.72 g ·m-2·d-1 after the optimal ecological design based on the DEM information,with the purification efficiency being enhanced by nearly 20%.