学龄前儿童对图形视标的识别

The Legibility of Picture Optotype of Preschool Children

目的了解学龄前儿童对图形的识别情况，以便于研制学龄前儿童图形视力表。方法根据儿童读物选择36个常见图形，将其画成黑色简单图形于纸上，招募幼儿圆、儿童图书馆、公园里2-4周岁儿童，让其口头识别图形。结果共计儿童42人，其中男19人，女23人，图形识别率前十位的分别是雨伞100％，鱼100％，房子98％，汽车95％，眼镜93％，小白兔93％，蝴蝶90％，太阳86％，五角星83％，桌子83％。结论学龄前儿童图形视标的选择可在雨伞、鱼、房子、汽车、眼镜、小白兔、蝴蝶中挑选。

Objective To find out the legibility of picture optotype of preschool children and in order to facilitate a new picture chart for preschool children. Methods We selected the familiar 36 figures according to children＇s reading and draw black figures in simplified character on white paper, and let children aged between 2 and 4 years to orally recognize the above figures who recruited from kid-gardens, children museum and parks. Results The children totaled 42, of them male were 19 and female were 23, the testability Of both umbrella and fish figures were 100%, house figure was 98%, car figure was 95%, both glasses figure and rab- bit figure were 93%, butterfly figure was 90%, sun figure was 86%, both five angles star figure and table figure were 83%. Conclusions Picture chart figures of umbrella, fish, house, car, glasses, white rabbit and butterfly can be chosen for preschool children.