天津市蓟县农村社区居民卫生服务需要与利用分析

Analysis on the Demand and Utilization of Community Health Service in Rural Residents of Jixian County,Tianjin

目的:探讨蓟县农村居民健康状况、卫生服务需要及利用的特点,为当地卫生部门制定相应的卫生政策提供依据。方法:采用分层整群随机抽样方法,对该地区两个行政村2000例居民进行问卷调查。结果:所调查地区居民两周患病率19.5%,两周患病病种前3位依次是呼吸系统疾病、消化系统疾病和循环系统疾病。两周就诊率8.4%,患者未就诊率57.1%;慢性病患病率14.4%,疾病前3位依次是高血压、脑血管病和类风湿性关节炎;年住院率为3.2%。居民卫生服务需要量较大,相应的卫生服务利用率低。居民患病就医场所首选村卫生室,住院场所首选乡镇卫生院。结论:基本医疗卫生服务仍是农村社区居民卫生服务需要的主要内容,应完善农村卫生服务体系建设并加强健康教育,提高农村居民卫生服务利用程度。

Objective：To investigate the health situation of rural residents and the characteristic of health service demand and utilization in Jixian County and provide reference for policy making of the local sanitation department. Methods：Two thousands individuals were surveyed by stratified-cluster random sampling in 2 villages of Ji county,Tianjin. Results：The two-week prevalence rate was 19.5%; the three major diseases in two weeks were respiratory system disease,digestive system disease and circulatory system disease. The two-week consultation rate was 8.4%,and the rate of no clinical visits of morbidity people was 57.0% during the two weeks. The chronic disease prevalence rate was 14.4%,the three major chronic diseases were hypertension,cerebrovascular disease and rheumatoid arthritis in Jixian. The annual hospitalization rate was 3.2%. The results showed that the demand of community health service was higher,but utilization was lower in Jixian. The disease category was common and frequently-occurring diseases,such as respiratory system disease,digestive system disease and so on. The first choice for seeking medical advice was rural hospital nearby,and the first choice of hospitalization was township hospital. Conclusion：Basic medical and health services are still the main content and demand of community health services in Jixian. In order to improve the rural residents＇ utilization of health service,it＇s necessary to strengthen construction of the rural health service system and health education.