空间意象图式在时空隐喻理解中的作用

The Role of Spatial Image-schema in Understanding Space-time Metaphor Sentences

英语和汉语都有"时间动"和"自我动"两种用空间词汇表达时间概念的时空隐喻系统。但语料不能证明人们一定是借助空间来思考时间。实验一用不同视角的空间图片引导时空隐喻句,组成一致与不一致的条件来考察被试反应时,发现空间引导影响了隐喻句的加工。实验二用时空隐喻句引导空间图片,发现时间句对空间关系加工无引导作用。结论:时间概念和空间概念具有共同的意象图式,人们借助空间图式思考时间,但时空隐喻映射是单向的。

There are two distinct space-time metaphoric systems in the English and Chinese languages： the ego-moving metaphor system and time-moving metaphor system. However, such language evidence is not enough to lead us to this conclusion： people have to think about time by means of spatial concepts. In Experiment I, pictures describing spatial relations from different perspectives were used as priming questions to influence the online process of temporal sentences as target tasks. The result is that spatial processing primed the processing of temporal sentences. In Experiment 2, temporal sentences changed to be priming tasks and in turn, spatial pictures became target tasks. And we found spatial processing was not influenced My temporal primes. In conclusion, the concepts of time and space share common spatial image-schema; people think about time by means of spatial schema, not vice versa, which means space-time mapping is unilateral.