任务难度和时间压力在诱发WMSD中的作用

Contribution of Task Complexity and Time Pressure to Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders

为探索职业性肌肉骨骼障碍(WMSD)的产生机制,并为开发其诊治指标提供依据,本研究通过两项实验,在低生理负荷情景下分别考察了任务难度和时间压力对肌肉活动(尤其是肩部斜方肌)和主观舒适性等的影响。结果发现:(1)除影响作业绩效外,任务难度和时间压力对斜方肌AEMG也有显著影响;(2)时间压力可导致心率上升;(3)任务难度和时间压力均会影响主观舒适感(尤其是眼、上臂的舒适感)。因此,任务难度和时间压力等心理社会因素可能是诱发颈-肩部等区域职业性肌肉骨骼障碍的重要变量。

The effects of task complexity and time pressure on muscle activity, especially shoulder trapezius, and subjective comfort were examined in the low physical load situation in order to explore the mechanisms of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders and improve the methods of diagnosis and treatment. It was found that task complexity and time pressure significantly affected trapezius AEMG, besides task performances. The heart rate increased with time pressure. Subjective comfort, especially for the eyes and the upper arms, was also influenced by task complexity and time pr^sure. It was concluded that the psychosocial variables such as task complexity and time pressure were important risk factors to shoulder-neck Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders.