关于志书社会部类和社会篇编写若干问题的探讨

Exploration of the Issues Related to the Compilation of Social Category and Social Chapters in Local Records

文章首先通过分析两位学者对社会和社会部类的理解,明确了志书中社会的记载对象,并对社会部类和社会篇的含义作了区分。接着通过对社会部类和社会篇的编写分别进行研究,指出社会部类与其他部类的不同之处,有关社会的重要内容在整部志书中应做到不要缺项,在续志中应该专设社会篇/章,以此来记载非政府行为的社会事项,内容应该突出民众性。既要考虑篇目设置上的科学性,也要兼顾实际组织编写中的可操作性,有些内容可以在有关篇章和社会篇章中分开记载。文章建议在县级志书中专设社区篇/章,因为设社区篇是志书体现时代特点的要求,可以反映改革开放以来基层民主的运作情况,能关注改革开放以来的城市化情况,也便于反映基层多元化的民政工作,而且可以将很多非政府行为的社会事项放入其中记载,同时可以使新农村建设的记载收放自如、生动具体。在编写组织形式上,文章认为可以突破"管什么写什么"的思路,采取课题承包、专家修志的形式来组织编写,改变"一揽子包干"的编写组织方式,进行分别写稿,统一组装。在资料收集方法的运用上,社会部类或社会篇的资料应更加重视以口述史的方式收集。

The present article analyzes the understanding by two scholars about the society and social category,clarifies the object of recording of the society in local records and defines the different meanings of social category and social chapters.After studying the compilation of social category and social chapters respectively,the author has showed us the difference between social category and the other categories,and stressed that the important social contents should not be omitted in the whole local records and that the new compilation should create a specific social chapter so as to record the social items of non-governmental actions and focus on civilian characteristics in contents.We should take into account both the scientificity in the chapters setting and feasibility in organizing the compilation.Some contents could be recorded seperately in social chapters and other related chapters.In order to meet the requirement by local records to incarnate the characteristics of the times,the present article proposes to set a specific chapter/section on community in county-level local records so as to reflect the operation of grass-roots democracy and urbanization since the reform and opening-up,and multiple grass-roots work on civil administration.In this way,we could bring many non governmental social items into community chapter and try to make the description of the construction of new countryside more flexible and vivid.As for the organizing form of the compilation,the article suggests to organize the compilation through the way of project contract and experts’ participation in order to surpass the limitation of work assignment and avoid the form of package contracts by way of writing separately but assembling together later.As for the method of materials-collecting,the author proposes to focus more on the way of oral history for the collection of materials in social category or social chapters.