社区作为传统知识权利主体的基本理论问题研究

Community as the Right Holder of Traditional Knowledge:Basic Theoretical Issues

传统知识的法律保护是当今知识产权国际保护的前沿问题之一,其权利主体具有一定的特殊性。社区作为传统知识的权利主体并不违背知识产权的私权属性,在这一点上传统知识权和知识产权本质上是相同的。但是,一般知识产权的正当性解释中隐含的前提是"消极社区"理论,而传统知识的权利主体确立过程中隐含的前提是"积极社区"理论,在这一点上存在着根本区别。

The legal protection of traditional knowledge is one of the cutting edge issues in international protection of intellectual property nowadays.The right holder of traditional knowledge is special to some extent.Community as the right holder of traditional knowledge does not conflict with the ＂private right＂ nature of intellectual property.For this point traditional knowledge and intellectual property are essentially the same.There hidden a theory of ＂negative community＂ as a premise for the justification for conventional intellectual property,however,a theory of ＂positive community＂ was hidden while ascertaining the right holder of traditional knowledge.This point is fundamental different.