电力工业的现实困境及其制度因素

The Predicament of Electric Power Industry and Its Institutional Factors

在我国电力工业发展过程中,出现过电力短缺(电荒)、投资过度等问题。这些问题都有其制度性成因。大面积电荒源于决策体制不健全和问责制度缺失;电力投资过度源于政府监管缺位和缺失。促进电力工业健康发展,必须完善电力发展规划制订制度,建立电力规划的动态调整机制,改进项目建设审批制度,改变经济运行调控方式,推行项目建设公共监督机制,建立健全科学的考核激励机制。

There were severe problems appearing in the process of development of electric power industry in China, such as the shortage of electricity （power famine）, and over-investment on power. The problems are due to institational defects. Power famine is due to the unspund decision-making system and lack of accountability system; the over-investment is due to the missing of government supervision. To promote the healthy development of electric power industry, we have to consummate the plan-making system of electric power, and set up dynamic adjusting mechanism, improve the examine and approve system of project construction, change the controlling way of economic running, implement public supervision mechanism of project construction and set up scientific assessing and inspiriting mechanism.