国有林权制度改革的主体冲突及其化解

Subject Conflict of State-owned Forest Ownership System and Its Resolution

国有林区"三林"问题的基本特征是林业资源枯竭、林区经济危困和林工生活艰难,其根源于林业忽视生态效益、林场利益机制不顺、林工存在制度性依赖。国有林权制度改革面临林业资源属性约束和国有林区体制约束。在国有林权制度改革中,政策设计者须明晰中央政府、地方政府、林业管理部门、林区和林工等不同利益主体之间利益诉求和利益实现约束的差异。

The basic features of the ＂three forest issues＂ are forest resource drying up,economic predicament of forest areas as well as the hard living of forest workers, which is due to the institutions which ignore environmental＇ efficiency, the impefect systems of forestry interest and workers＇ institutional dependence. Reform of the state-owned forest rights is faced with two restrictions of forestry property and the institutions. In the reform, the policy-makers have to clarify the interests of all relevant subjects, such as central government, local government, forestry department, forestry zone and workers.