水生蔬菜对富营养化水体净化及资源化利用

Eutrophication purification and resource utilization by aquatic vegetables

通过采用水生蔬菜水芹和豆瓣菜作为生态浮床栽培材料,对其净化富营养化水体的效果及其处理后的品质等方面进行研究.结果表明,水生蔬菜不仅能在富营养化水体中正常生长,还对富营养化水体有较强净化能力,且净化能力随着处理时间的延长而提高.处理20d,水芹对富营养化水体中的TN、NH_4^+-N、TP、COD_(Mn)、Chl.a的去除率分别达到76.86%、69.39%、90.45%、95.03%和89.81%;豆瓣菜对富营养化水体中的TN、NH_4^+-N、TP、COD_(Mn)、Chl.a的去除率分别达到78.27%、67.95%、89.98%、95.38%和91.28%.水芹和豆瓣菜不仅能显著改善富营养化水体的水质,且没有产生硝酸盐及重金属富集,符合食用标准;还能产生一定的经济效益.

Using water dropwort and watercress as the planting stuff on ecological floating beds, the purification effectiveness of eu- trophic water and their characteristics were investigated. The results showed that aquatic vegetable not only could grow well in eutrophic water bodies, but also was able to purify the eutrophic water bodies effectively, and the purification ability increased with treatment time. The removal rate of TN, NH4＋ -N, TP, CODM,, and Chl. a reached 76.86%, 69.39%, 90.45%, 95.03%, and 89.81% by water dropwort for 20d treatment, respectively. In addition, the removal rate of TN, NH4＋ -N, TP, CODMn, and Chl. a reached 78.27%,67.95%,89.98%,95.38% and 91.28% by watercress for 20d treatment, respectively. It was proved that water dropwort and watercress had a significant effect on improving the quality of the eutrophic water, without producing nutrition enrichment of nitrate and heavy metals in plants, so water dropwort and watercress were edible according to food standard, and could produce certain economic benefits.