甲型H_1N_1流感流行期间大学生的风险认知与心理行为调查

Investigation on Risk Perception and Psychological Behaviors of College Students under the Epidemic Period of Influenza A (H_1N_1)

目的了解在校大学生在甲型H1N1流感疫情中的风险沟通、风险认知和心理行为情况及其之间的相互关系,对高校甲型H1N1流感疫情防控具有指导意义。方法以杭州师范大学下沙校区学生为对象,采用随机抽样方法进行问卷调查。结果有效问卷中82.8%的大学生认为疫情信息发布充分,83.5%认为甲型H1N1流感不可怕;调查显示大学生对甲型H1N1流感的预防措施、临床表现、传播性和传染性认知度较高,对病因、病死率、愈后等信息认知度较低;女大学生对疫情信息的认知更敏感,日常应对行为更加积极(t=-3.945,P<0.01;t=-2.745,P<0.01);医学类大学生的风险认知和心理行为反应度比非医学类高(t=-6.6575,P<0.01;t=-3.396,P<0.01);大学生风险认知与其心理状态情况相关(r=0.331),与日常行为改变情况相关(r=0.324)。结论不同特征的大学生风险认知和心理行为变化情况不同,大学生风险沟通、风险认知与心理行为的变化存在相关关系。

Objective To investigate risk communication,risk perception and psychological behaviors of college students under the epidemic period of Influenza A（H1N1）and to analyze interrelationship between these factors.Methods Students in Xiasha campus of Hangzhou Normal University were chosen by stratified sampling method and investigated by using questionnaires.Results 82.8% students investigated believed that the epidemic information was sufficiently released and 83.5% students considered Influenza A（H1N1）did not horrible.Moreover,the college students possessed higher cognition on preventive measures,clinical manifestation,dissemination and infection of Influenza A（H1N1）but owned lower cognition on pathogenesis,fatality rate and prognosis of it.Female students were more sensitive to epidemic information and held more positive attitude to change behaviors（t=-3.945,P〈0.01;t=-2.745,P〈0.01）.Students major in medicine were more sensitive on risk perception and psychological behaviors compared others（t=-6.6575,P〈0.01;t=-3.396,P〈0.01）.Risk perception of college students was related both to their psychological state（r=0.331）and routine response behavior（r=0.324）.Conclusion Risk perception and psychological behaviors varies among the students with different features.