优秀赛艇运动员免疫功能对2000m模拟比赛的应答性反应和恢复特征

Answering responses of the immune functions of excellent racing boat rowers to a simulated 2 000 m race and their recovery characteristics

通过评价优秀赛艇运动员免疫机能对模拟专项比赛负荷的应答性反应与恢复特征,为运动员免疫功能的调理提供科学依据。结果发现:(1)优秀运动员安静状态时的免疫指标明显低于正常值,表明经过长期的大强度专业训练,运动员的免疫功能明显降低;(2)在赛后即刻,白细胞总数及各亚类均显著升高,但各亚类升幅不等;(3)赛后3 h,淋巴细胞、中间细胞、免疫球蛋白与补体水平均显著下降并接近或达到运动前水平,但中性粒细胞则逆势大幅度上升,白细胞总数略有降低,各亚类再次显著改变;(4)赛后24 h,绝大多数免疫指标均已基本恢复至赛前水平,但中间细胞、淋巴细胞与C4却在赛后3 h已恢复的基础上发生程度不等的回升,可能与白细胞3种亚类各自的移行方向、生物学作用及调节机制不同有关。

By evaluating the answering responses of the immune functions of excellent racing boat rowers to a simulated 2000m race and their recovery characteristics,the authors provided a scientific criterion for the conditioning of the immune functions of the rowers.The author revealed the following findings： 1） in a calm condition,the immune indexes of excellent rowers were significantly lower than the normal values,meaning that the immune functions of the rowers decreased significantly after high intensity professional training over a long period of time;2） immediately after the race,the WBC counts and subsets increased significantly,but the subsets had unequal increments;3） 3 h after the race,all the levels of lymphocytes,intermediate cells,immunoglobulin and complements decreased significantly and got close to or reached the levels before the race,but on the contrary the level of neutrophilic granulocytes increased greatly,which promoted only slight decreases of the WBC counts and caused significant changes of the subsets once again;4） 24 h after the race,most immune indexes had basically recovered to the levels before the race,but the levels of intermediate cells,lymphocytes and C4 had extent different increases on the bases recovered 3 hours after the race,which may be related to different moving directions,biological functions and adjusting mechanisms of 3 WBC subsets.