论文白相间的叙事体中文雅语体形式的篇章功能

Discourse Function of the Classic-Style Expression in Chinese Written Narrative

本文从语体选择与语法根据的相互关联角度,考察了现代汉语实际运用中语体转换所起的篇章功能。在文白相间的叙事体中,白话语体形式叙述事件发展的具体进程,它负载了叙述故事主线的前景信息;而文雅语体形式不叙述事件的发展,所要表达的语义类主要有:描写情景、描写人物、表达人间事理等一般原则以及叙述者的情感或感受等,文雅语体形式提供围绕叙事发展的种种背景信息。在文白相间的叙事体中,文雅语体与白话语体之间的语体转换起着调节前景化与背景化的篇章功能。文章最后还论及语体研究在对外汉语教学中的必要性。

In Chinese written narrative we often see that classic-style expressions （CS） and oralstyle expressions （OS） are mixing sporadically. This paper aims to explore expressional intention and discourse function of the CS in Chinese narrative which consists of both the CS and the OS. It is found that the OS narrates chronological sequence in the development of individual events. On the contrary the CS does not narrate chronological development, ignoring the passage of time. The CSs are relevant to character portrayal and psychological description or narrator＇s evaluation behind the narrative development and also relevant to generic proposition or proverb that are the abstractness from various individual events. Thus we can derive the argument that the OS bears foreground information in the event development and the CS bears various background information of the development of individual events. Chinese written narrative suggests that style-shift by the OS or the CS is one of the discourse function whether it shows event development or not, such as the tense-shift in languages with grammatical inflection.