海洋真菌抗表皮葡萄球菌抗生素的初步研究

Initial Research on Anti-Staphylococcus epidermidis Antibiotics from Marine Fungi

从海藻和海绵表面或组织内分离筛选出五株具有抑制表皮葡萄球菌活性的海洋真菌,分别鉴定为木霉属、光孢青霉、曲霉属、尖孢镰刀霉和交链格孢霉.经单剂量法测定其每毫升发酵液抑制表皮葡萄球菌的效价分别相当于氨苄青霉素0.8单位、1.1单位、22.5单位、7.9单位和6.2单位.高效液相色谱分析显示这五株真菌的代谢产物具有较显著差异,抗菌活性生物自显影表明这些菌株的抗表皮葡萄球菌抗生素成分也呈现较高的多样性.化学显色试验表明其中一株曲霉菌DLEP2008001的最强活性成分可能为含有仲胺及羧基基团的甾体或三萜类化合物,而次强活性成分可能为含有仲胺基团的化合物.研究结果表明,作为抗表皮葡萄球菌后备药物的潜在来源,海洋真菌值得深入研究.

Five marine fungi isolated from the surface or inner tissue of marine algae and sponge show inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis. They were identified as Trichoderma sp. , Penicillium glabrum, Aspergillus sp. , Fusarium oxysporum and Alternaria alternata. By single dosage method, the antibacterial titers of their ferment broths are determined to be equal to 0.8 , 1.1, 22.5, 7.9 and 6.2 U/mL of ampicillin, respectively. HPLC analysis shows that the products of these five fungi are remarkably different. The antibac-terial bioautography also reveals high diversity of their anti-Staphylococcus epidermidis antibiotics. The chemical chromagenic experiments indicate that the strongest bioactive constituent of the Aspergillus strain DLEP2008001 may be a steroid or triterpenoid compound with secondary amine and carboxyl groups, and the minor bioactive constituent may contains secondary amine groups. These results indicate that marine fungi are worthy of further investigation as potential resource of anti-Staphylococcus epidermidis drug candidates.