复杂平原水网地区高精度三维地震采集技术——以高邮凹陷YA、ZD高精度三维地震勘探为例

High-precision 3D Seismic Data Acquisition Technique in Complex Plain and Water System Area——A Case Study on Seismic Exploration in Gaoyou Depression

高邮凹陷YA、ZD地区为典型的江苏平原水网地形。野外地震资料采集难,如激发、接收条件横向变化大,静校正问题较突出,各类干扰严重等。为此,开展了高精度三维地震资料采集技术研究:进行了面向地质目标的精细设计;开展精细表层结构调查;结合高清晰度卫星图片的辅助设计,采用高密度炮点加密变观技术解决丢炮问题;针对性地应用折射静校正处理技术。提高了地震剖面反射波组的连续性、频率的一致性和资料的信噪比,最终获得了较高品质的原始地震记录。

YA and ZD regions in Gaoyou Depression were the typical complex plain and water system areas. It was difficult for field seismic data acquisition,including big lateral changes of excitation and receiving condition,serious influence of static correction and various interferences. Therefore aiming at these problems,high-precision 3D seismic data acquisition techniques were studied. A fine design was provided for overall geological target,a fine surface structure was investigated. In combination with a corollary design of high precision satellite remote sensing pictures. A high density shot technique was adopted to avoid losing shot in the location where shot couldn't be arrived. In addition,a technique for refraction and static correction was applied to improve the continuity of seismic refraction wave and the consistence of frequency as well as the signal-noise ratio. Eventually an original record with high quality is obtained.