上海长江隧道火灾疏散救援措施研究

Research of Evacuation and Rescue Measures in Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel

以上海长江隧道为研究对象,首先利用smartfire软件(CFD软件)和building EXODUS软件(疏散模拟软件)对上海长江隧道的疏散排烟系统在正常运营和阻塞两种工况下的安全性进行了评估,发现在正常运营工况下发生火灾时隧道内人员可以安全疏散,但是在阻塞工况下发生火灾时火源下游人员并不能全部安全疏散。然后提出了上海长江隧道火灾时的疏散救援相关措施和建议,特别是对于阻塞工况下发生火灾时,建议在适当减小纵向风速的同时引导部分火源下游的健康成年人朝次近逃生口疏散。

On the basis of Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel, the design justification of smoke extraction and evacuation system of the tunnel was evaluated under the normal situation and traffic jamming situation. SMARTFIRE and BUILDING EXODUS were used to simulate the process of smoke propagation and passenger evacuations respectively. The result shows that the people can evacuate safely under the normal situation, but some people may be dead under the traffic jamming situation. In addition, measures and suggestions about the evacuation of Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel are presented. Especially, the optimized evacuation schemes under the traffic jamming situation are given.