江西大麻子苦瓜适应性栽培研究

Study on Adaptability of Balsam Pear Cultivar Jiangxidamazi

为了探索适合湘西北生态环境和土壤条件的加工型苦瓜栽培模式,2008-2009连续2a对引进筛选的江西大麻子苦瓜进行催芽方法、嫁接砧木、定植密度、追肥种类试验研究。结果表明,苦瓜夏秋栽培中,种子以55℃温汤浸种60min处理效果最好;用黑籽南瓜作砧木既防病、高产,又可以降低果实苦味;稀植产量高于密植产量;追肥以667m2施大量元素复合肥15kg为宜。壮苗、嫁接、稀植、肥足是江西大麻子苦瓜在常德地区栽培应实施的关键技术。

In order to exploring the optimun cultivation pattern and the soil condition of processing balsam pear which suited the ecological environment in the northwest of Hunan, the adaptability of Jiangxidamazi balsam pear was studied in 2008-2009. The results showed that in balsam pear cultivation of summer, the seed processed with 55℃ hot water treatment of 60 minute was the best. The balsam pear has the resistance to disease, high yield, and can reduce the fruit bitter taste with the Heizi pumpkin as stock. The yield of thin planting was higher than that of close planting. 15 kg compound fertilizer was suitable as topdressing. Strong seedling, grafting, thin planting, full fertilizer were key techniques of balsam pear cultivation in Changde area.