2009年俄罗斯油气工业综述

An overview of Russia’s oil and gas industry in 2009

2009年俄罗斯原油产量和出口量分别为4.94亿吨和2.48亿吨,同比分别增长1.2%和2.1%;原油一次加工量为2.36亿吨,与上年基本持平;成品油出口量同比增长4.5%,至12058万吨;原油和成品油出口外汇收入分别为935亿美元和468亿美元,同比分别下降38.4%和40.3%。2009年俄罗斯天然气产量5836亿立方米,同比下降12.1%;出口天然气1683亿立方米,同比下降14.2%;天然气出口外汇收入为394亿美元,同比下降40.7%。2009年俄罗斯的油气外输管道建设项目进展较快,万科油田、萨哈林2号项目LNG生产线以及远东输油管道一期工程等重大项目投产。为应对危机,俄罗斯下调矿产资源开采税和出口关税;加强与独联体国家的天然气进口合作,以确保其在欧洲天然气市场的地位;批准《2030年前能源战略》,拟提高向亚太市场的油气出口比例。

In 2009, Russia’s crude oil output and export amounted to 494 million tons and 248 million tons respectively, an increase of 1.2% and 2.1% compared to the same period in the year before. Crude oil throughput was 236 million tons, as same as the year before; oil product exports rose in comparison by 4.5% to 120.58 million tons. Exports of crude oil and oil products earned 93.5 billion US dollars and 46.8 billion US dollars respectively in foreign exchange, which is tantamount to a drop by 38.4% and 40.3% from the previous year respectively. In 2009, Russia produced 583.6 billion cubic meters of natural gas, which means a 12.1% drop. The natural gas exports amounted to 168.3 billion cubic meters, having dropped by 14.2% and yielding foreign exchange earnings of 39.4 billion US dollars, which is a 40.7% decrease. The Russian export pipeline project made good progress in 2009, the Wanke oilfields and Sakhalin-Ⅱ LNG project as well as the Far East crude oil pipeline (first phase) were taken into operation. To counteract the crisis, Russia lowered the taxes on mining for mineral resources; strengthen cooperation of natural gas imports with the CIS countries, thereby securing Russia’s place on the European market. 2009 also saw the approval of the Russian Energy Strategy 2030, which proposes to increase the proportion of exports to the Asian-Pacific region.