怀古与经典——清初怀古词与清词复兴

Yearn to the Past and Classics:On Ci of Yearning to the Past at the beginning of Qing Dynasty and Revive of Ci

怀古题材受经典的影响很深,在诗词怀古经典都已经建立起来的情况下,清初词人仍然对经典在创作上作出自己的回应。无论是利用历史时段的模糊将明朝加入怀古对象,通过群体性唱和以及自我经典化创造新的怀古地点,还是利用大型组词进行怀古形式上的探索,都反映出了清初词人力图超越怀古经典所带来的种种限制,将时代融入怀古题材的努力。这些对经典的反应成为清词之所以实现复兴,建立起自身文学地位的重要原因。

Verses of yearning to the past are greatly influenced by classics.Though there were a lot of classical verses of yearning to the past,the poets at the beginning of Qing dynasty made their own creations.They made Ming dynasty as a new yearning object,and tried to explore a new way to yearn to the past which reflected that,poets at that time endeavored to breakthrough many kinds of limitation in yearning,to show contemporary sentiments in those verses.The article argues that this reflection to classics is an important reason of the revive of Ci(词) in Qing dynasty.