体质量和水温对太湖秀丽白虾人工驯养子代耗氧率和排氨率的影响

Effects of water temperature and body mass on oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion of artificially domesticated Exopalaemon modestus offspring in Taihu Lake

以太湖秀丽白虾(Exopalaemon modestus)人工驯养子代为实验样本,实验共设置6个体质量梯度及7个温度梯度,样本体质量范围为(0.12±0.01)～(1.93±0.05)g,实验温度范围为12℃～30℃,研究了体质量及水温对耗氧率和排氨率的影响。结果表明:秀丽白虾耗氧率变幅为0.1497～0.9053mg·g-1·h-1,均值为0.3901mg·g-1·h-1;排氨率变幅为0.0165～0.0866mg·g-1·h-1,均值为0.0379mg·g-1·h-1。体质量、水温及两者的交互效应均对耗氧率和排氨率具有极显著的影响(P<0.01)。体质量与耗氧率和排氨率之间的回归关系分别符合幂函数方程Ro=0.3114W-0.2414(r=-0.436)和Rn=0.0307W-0.3007(r=-0.653);水温与耗氧率和排氨率之间的回归关系分别符合指数方程Ro=0.0711e0.0749t(r=0.877)和Rn=0.0113e0.0530t(r=0.747);体质量、水温与耗氧率及排氨率的二元回归方程分别为Ro=0.028T-0.147W-0.053(r=0.948)和Rn=0.002T-0.017W+0.013(r=0.922)。耗氧率和排氨率Q10变幅分别为1.17～4.20和1.15～2.29,均值分别为2.10和1.64。在实验温度范围内,氧氮比均随着水温的上升而增大,变幅为7.42～13.62,均值为10.04。秀丽白虾在低温阶段(12℃～18℃)主要以蛋白质为供能物质,在高温阶段(21℃～30℃)对脂肪的利用有所增加,中等规格个体的脂肪代谢率最高。

Taking the artificially domesticated Exopalaemon modestus offspring from Taihu Lake as test objects, this paper studied the effects of water temperature and their body mass on their oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion. The water temperature ranged from 12 ℃ to 30 ℃, and the body mass ranged from （0.12±0.01） g to （1.93±0.05） g. The oxygen consumption rate of the offspring was from 0.1497 to 0.9053 mg·g^-1·h^-1, averaged 0.3901 mg·g^-1·h^-1; and the ammonia excretion rate was from 0.0165 to 0.0866 mg·g^-1·h^-1, averaged 0.0379 mg·g^-1·h^-1. Water temperature, body mass, and their interaction had significant effects on the oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion. The relationships of oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates with water temperature could be described as Ro=0.0711e0.0749t （r=0.877） and Rn=0.0113e0.0530t （r=0.747）, and the relationships of the two metabolic rates with body mass could be described as Ro=0.3114W^-0.2414 （r=-0.436） and Rn=0.0307W-0.3007 （r=-0.657）, respectively. The binary linear regression equations of water temperature and body mass with the two metabolic rates could be expressed as Ro=0.028T-0.147W-0.053 （r=0.948） and Rn=0.002T-0.017W＋0.013 （r=0.922）. The Q10 value of oxygen consumption rate ranged from 1.17 to 4.20, with an average of 2.10, and the Q10 value of ammonia excretion rate ranged from 1.15 to 2.29, with an average of 1.64. Within the range of test water temperature, the ratio of consumed oxygen to excreted ammonia for each class of body mass increased with increasing water temperature, being from 7.42 to 13.62 and averaged 10.04. At the water temperature from 12 ℃ to 18 ℃, the offspring took protein as their major energy source; while at the water temperature from 21 ℃ to 30 ℃, the offspring utilized more fat, and the medium-sized individuals had the highest fat metabolic rate.