长波紫外线辐射对脊椎动物的影响

Effects of long wave ultraviolet radiation on vertebrate

臭氧层空洞的加剧使紫外辐射不断加强,造成的环境污染已经成为广为关注的问题,但大多数都集中在中波紫外线(UVB)的生物学作用及其与两栖动物衰减关系的研究,有关长波紫外线(UVA)对生物体损伤作用的研究却甚少。本文综述了近年来UVA对脊椎动物损伤的研究概况,从细胞结构、酶活性、遗传物质、膜结构以及免疫系统等方面阐述了UVA的损伤机理,并对低剂量辐射诱导兴奋效应对紫外损伤的保护作用进行了简要概述。最后分析和总结了关于UVA损伤研究所存在的问题及两栖动物作为实验用动物模型在研究紫外线损伤中的作用。

The intensification of ozone hole has significantly increased the level of ultraviolet （UVB） radiation in the atmosphere, and thus, the environmental pollution caused by this radiation has become a widespread concern. Many studies have been focused on the biological effects of medium wave UVA radiation and its relationships with amphibian decline, but less on the biological effects of long wave UVA radiation. This paper reviewed the recent studies on the UVA damage on vertebrates, including the damage mechanisms on cell structure, enzyme activities, genetic material, membrane structure, and immune system. The problems in the studies of UVA-induced damages and the advantages of using amphibian as an experimental model in studying the impacts of UVA-induced damage were analyzed.