多功能水溶性聚合物配体制备纳米颗粒

Preparation of Nanoparticles with Multi-Functional Water-Soluble Polymer Ligands

以多功能水溶性聚合物配体制备的纳米颗粒具有小尺寸、单分散、生物相容性良好的特点,同时还具备近红外荧光、超顺磁性等特殊物理性质,弥补了传统方法制备纳米颗粒的缺陷。本文综述了近年来多功能水溶性聚合物配体制备贵金属纳米颗粒、磁性纳米颗粒、纳米量子点以及复合结构纳米颗粒的进展;阐述了多功能水溶性聚合物配体在制备纳米颗粒方面的优势;分析了多功能水溶性聚合物的结构、分子量、浓度等因素对制备纳米颗粒的影响;最后,探讨了小尺寸、单分散、水溶性的纳米颗粒在配体交换、药物靶向传输体系、疾病检测、生物标签、核磁共振成像以及光电学等领域的应用,并展望了多功能水溶性聚合物配体制备纳米颗粒的研究方向。

Nanoparticles prepared by multi-functional water-soluble polymer ligands with monodispersity in the small size range possess numerous excellent physical properties, such as hiocompatibility, near infrared fluorescence, superparamagnetism, etc. , which are better than those prepared by traditional methods. The paper reviews the recent progress of preparations for noble metal nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, quantum dots and core-shell complex nanoparticles, studies the advantages of multi-functional water-soluble polymer ligands and analyzes the effects of various factors on preparing of nanoparticles, for example, structures, molecular weight and the concentration of multi-functional water-soluble polymer. Finally, the paper discusses the versatile emerging applications of nano-size, monodisperse and water-soluble nanoparticles in the field of ligand exchange, targeted drugs delivery system, disease detection, bio-labels, magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） and optoelectronies. Simultaneously, the considerable research orientation of preparing nanoparticles with multi-functional water-soluble polymer ligands is propected.