煤的化学降解研究——Ⅰ.煤的氯化降解

STUDY ON THE CHEMICAL DEPOLYMERIZATION OF COAL——I. DEPOLYMERIZATION OF COAL BY CHLORIZATION

用水介质中氯化的方法对煤进行降解研究,考察了降解后煤的化学组成和在有机溶剂中抽提性质的变化。降解后,煤中碳、氢含量下降,氯、氧含量增加,腐植酸及活性官能团增多,使煤具有一系列新的性质。如在极性溶剂中抽出量显著增加,其中丙酮抽出率高达86.4%。

The depolymerization of coal by the method of chlorization in aqueous medium was studied. The variation of chemical composition of coal and extractability of the organic solvent after depolymerization has been observed. After depolymerization of coal, its content of carbon and hydrogen decreases whereas that of chlorine,oxygen,humic acid as well as active functional group increases. The degree of depolymerization, as measured by percentage of decomposed carbon, increases from 11.43% to 49.30% as the carbon content of coal decreased from 71.1% to 54.8%. The depolymerized coal has a series of new characteristic. For example, the extraction rate in the polar solvent increases obviously. The extraction rate of Zalainuoer coal in acetone increases from 1.80% to 86.4% after chlorization depolymerization. The molecular weight of extracts by acetone, ethanol and mixture of benzene-ethanol (1: 1) is 253, 175 and 331 respectively. It is possible to increase chemical activity of coal by depolymerization. This provides the basis of further utilization of the treated coal.