《周易》“刚中而应”的中正论

On Replying Under Fairness of Zhou Yi

中正是自然的规律,是万物的本性,故只有中正行为才能保证万物的中正,这也就是"中正以通";在中正的语境里,中是手段,正是标的,中必须归正才有意义。所以,必须"中以行正","中以行正"的实现也就是当位即"位正中",当位是角色意识的强调,对社会秩序的稳定具有非常重要的意义。虽然强调中道也是儒家的追求之一,但儒家的所谓过犹不及,是偏于血缘优位前提下权衡,异于自然无为的真正不偏不倚。因此,在思想渊源上,《周易》的中正更接近道家和法家的思想,而不是儒家,尽管在具体的环节上,它也注意内在方面的自养,但这是浅表层面的反映。虽然不乏中正的研究,但对当位思想的正视,仍然不多见,这对和谐社会的实践具有积极的借鉴意义。

Fairness is the rule of nature and the human nature of everything,so only doing something with fairness can guarantee the right position and right condition of everything.That is to say getting the harmony with fairness.In the linguistic environment of fairness,right middle behavior is the means,righteousness is the targets,so in order to make sense,right middle behavior must fellow righteousness.Therefore it is necessary taking right behavior under Fairness.The realization of that is in an appropriate position,namely getting right place.Being in an appropriate position is the emphasis of consciousness of one＇s role that is important for the stability of social order.Although the emphasis on taking right middle behavior is also one of the pursuits of Confucianism,＂the excess is just as bad as deficiency＂ which is called by Confucian,is a balance of laying emphasis on blood relationship which is distinct from the real evenhandedness with doing nothing purposely.Consequently,in the origin of thought,fairness of Zhou Yi is closer to the thought of Taoist and Legalist than that of Confucianism.It is a low-level reflection,despite Confucianism also notices internal self-cultivation in some specific links.There are many studies of fairness,but there are not common studies up on envisagement of ＂being in an appropriate position＂,and it means an active and experienced meaning for practice of harmonious society.