大学生恶性肿瘤健康教育近期效果评价

Short-term effectiveness assessment of health education on malignant tumors among undergraduates

目的评价大学生恶性肿瘤防治健康教育的近期效果,为今后有针对性地开展健康教育工作提供依据。方法 2008年采用分层整群抽样的方法随机选择杭州师范大学学生339人,进行恶性肿瘤防治知识的健康教育,一个月之后,通过问卷进行肿瘤防治知识调查,将结果与2007年大学生肿瘤健康教育基线调查的结果进行比较,分析肿瘤健康教育干预后知-信-行的变化。结果除了对吸烟这一行为改变效果不显著外,经干预后大学生对恶性肿瘤的知识、信念、行为掌握的正确率与对照组相比,差异有显著性(P<0.05),能够全部正确答出恶性肿瘤发生原因、相关临床表现和预防措施的人数分别由原来的5.8%、5.3%、23.4%分别上升到75.5%、58.53%和97.69%,信念态度正确率由原来的58.15%上升到89.9%,健康行为形成率由原来的41.28%上升到83.1%。结论对在校大学生开展恶性肿瘤防治健康教育是预防和控制恶性肿瘤的有效途径。

Objective To evaluate the short-term effectiveness of health education on malignant tumors among undergraduates and to provide evidences for the prevention. Methods One month after a health education on malignant tumors, a questionnaire survey about knowledge, belief and behavior on malignant tumors was conducted in 339 undergraduates selected by stratified sampling and cluster sampling in 2008. Comparing with the results with those of the baseline investigation conducted in 2007, the changes of knowledge, attitude and practice were analyzed. Results After the health education, the correct rate of the knowledge, belief and behavior of the malignant tumors, except smoking, among undergraduates were significantly higher （P 〈 0.05） compared with the control group. The all correct rate of the pathogenesis, clinical features and the prevention of the malignant rumors increased from 5.8% , 5.3% , 23.4% to 75.5% ,58.53% , 97.69% , respectively; the correct rate of the belief of the malignant tumors increased from 58.15% to 89.9% ; the correct rate of the behavior of the malignant tumors increased from 41.28% to 83. 1%. Conclusion The health education of malignant tumors is an effective way to control and prevent the incidence of malignant tumors among undergraduates.