追求缓和:英国与第二次柏林危机(1958—1960)

The pursuit of the détente:Britain and the Second Berlin Crisis(1958-1960)

第二次柏林危机爆发之后,英国从自身利益出发,把柏林和柏林问题的解决看作是一个利益博弈的场所和过程,主张用和平和谈判的手段,乃至妥协的方式加以解决,反对法国和西德的对苏强硬立场,更反对美国"有限使用武力"的军事应急方案。英国首相麦克米伦通过他的访苏之行,为东西方间的谈判创造了条件,开启了会议谈判的大门。在英国政府的斡旋之下,美、英、法、苏四国外长会议得以召开,四大国首脑会议亦纳入日程,对柏林危机的缓和起到了重要作用。

After the eruption of the Second Berlin Crisis, Britain had regarded Berlin and the solution of Berlin problem as a place and a process for game according to their own actual interests, which advocated a peaceful and negotiated means to solve the crisis, and even used the way of compromise , opposing France and West Germany＇ s hard - line stance for the Soviet Unions and even more opposing U. S. military emergency plan that involved the limited use of force. Macmillan＇ s visit to the Soviet Union created conditions for the detente between East and West and opened the door to negotiations. Under the Macmillan Government＇ s mediation, the Geneva Foreign Ministers＇ Confernce of the United States, Britain, France and the Soviet Unions was held, and the Paris Summit Conference was also included in the agenda. The policy played an important role in the detente of the Second Berlin Crisis.