416名中小学生心理健康与其人格和父母人格及养育方式的关系

Relationship between students’ mental health and personalities and their parents’ personalities and parental rearing style:an investigation of 416 cases

目的探讨中小学生心理健康与学生人格、父母人格及养育方式的关系。方法用学生心理健康诊断测验手册(MHT)筛查学生心理问题,应用艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)及父母教养方式评价量表(EMBU)对416名学生及其家长进行问卷调查和评估,根据筛查结果进行对比研究。结果正常组与问题组学生人格分布的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组学生家长的人格分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组学生的父亲在情感温暖、理解,惩罚、严厉,过分干涉,拒绝、否认,过度保护因子得分上的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组学生的母亲在情感温暖、理解,惩罚、严厉,过分干涉,偏爱被试因子得分上的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对存在不同心理问题的学生需要进行针对性干预。

Objective To explore the relationship between the students’ mental health and personalities and their parents’ personalities and parental rearing style. Methods A total of 433 elementary and middle school students were investigated by using Student Mental Health Test （MHT manual） to screen their mental problems, and the students and their parents were surveyed with the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran （EMBU）. All the results were analyzed and compared. Results There was a significant difference between the case group and control group in students’ personalities, P0.05. There was no significant difference between two groups in parents’ personalities,P0.05. There were differences between two groups in the factors of fathers’ emotional warmth, punishment, excessive interference, rejection, and over-protection,P0.05. There were significant differences between two groups in the factors of mothers’ emotional warmth, punishment, excessive interference, and preference,P0.05. Conclusions The students with different mental problems need different targeting interventions.