中国伊犁河谷种子植物区系分析

Analysis on the Spermatophyte Floras in the Ili River Valley of China

根据野外调查,采集植物标本以及对所收集的资料进行整理,构建中国伊犁河谷野生种子植物名录,在此基础上展开种子植物区系分析。研究表明:中国伊犁河谷共有野生种子植物1 655种,归属于486属83科;优势科为菊科(Compositae)、禾本科(G ram ineae)、豆科(Legum inosae)等18科,表征科为罂粟科(Papaveraceae)、藜科(Che-nopod iaceae)、蓼科(Polygonaceae)和石竹科(Caryophyllaceae)4科;优势属为苔草属(Carex)、拉拉藤属(Galium)、早熟禾属(Poa)等18属,表征属为披碱草属(Elymus)、鹤虱属(Lappula)、锦鸡儿属(Caragana)和蒲公英属(Taraxa-cum)4属;科和属的地理成分主要为温带成分,分别占53.66%和65.65%(不包括广布型),中国特有和东亚特有成分极少甚至缺失,存在一个中亚特有科——鸢尾蒜科(Ixioliriaceae)。

As a ＂wet island＂ in an arid region, the Ili River Valley is located in west Xinjiang, where the plant species is rich and peculiar. This area has been listed as one of the five nationwide key terrestrial biodiversity areas. Based on the field investigation, some specimens and data of the spermatophytes were collected, a catalog of wild spermatophytes was developed, and the floristics of spermatophytes was analyzed. The results show that there are 1 655 species in 486 genera and 83 families of wild spermatophytes in the Ili River Valley, and also 18 dominant families, i.e. Compositae, Graminea, Leguminosae, Cruciferae, Caryophyllaceae, Labiatae, Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Liliaceae, Boraginaeeae, Cyperaceae, Scrophulariaeeae, Umbelliferae, Rubiaceae, Polygonaceae, Gentianaceae and Papaveraceae, of which Papaveraccae, Chenopodiaceae and Caryophyllaeeae are regarded as the typical families. The 18 dominant genera are Carex, C, alium, Poa, Elymus, Allium, Oxytropis, Ranunculus , Potentilla , Artemisia , Silene , Caragana , Lappula , Taraxacurn , Iris, Polygonum , Astragalus , Salix and Gentiana, and Elymus, Lappula, Caragana and Taraxacum are regarded as the typical genera. The families and genera are mainly the temperate geographical elements, accounting for 53.66% and 65.65% of the total （excluding the cosmopolitan） respectively; there is no any endemic family but very few endemic genera of China and East Asia, and Ixioliriaceae is an endemic family of Central Asia.